5. "What are the nine clear signs Allah gave to Musa (AS) while he was with Firaun and his people?           

Answer: Nine signs (proofs) which Firaun's people faced are:

 1. Stick (his staff) turning to snake.

2. Radiant hand of Musa.

3. Year of drought and Shortness of fruits.

4. The flood.

5. Locust.

6. Lice.

7. Frogs.

8. Blood.

9. The splitting of sea.

Several things are also suggested as a sign:

                 -  Years of drought and Shortness of fruits were taken by                       some as two separate signs.

                 -  Equal authority and Prophet hood is granted to                                  brother Harun (AS).

                 -  Tyrant Firaun cannot harm or kill Musa (AS) even                             though he tried often

                 -  The public defeat of sorcery.

                 -  Strong faith developed by Magicians.

                 - Destruction of Qaroon’s wealth.

Allah knows best!

 "And indeed We gave to Musa (AS) nine clear signs. Ask then the Children of Israel, when he came to them, then Fir'aun said to him: "O Musa! I think you are indeed bewitched." (17:101). Musa (AS) said: "Verily, you know that these signs have been sent down by none but the Lord of the heavens and the earth as clear.  And I think you are, indeed, O Firaun doomed to destruction!" (17:102)

These clear signs according to Ibn Abbas were: his staff, his hand, the years of famine, the sea, the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs and the blood. Muhammad bin Ka`b said, "They were his hand and his staff, the five signs mentioned in Al-A`raf, and destruction of wealth and the rock.'' Mujahid, Ikrimah, Ash-Shabi and Qatadah said: "They are his hand, his staff, the years of famine, the failure of the crops, the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs and the blood.''

The verses that proove the first two signs are:

 Allah said: "Cast your stick down, O Musa!". He cast it down, and behold! It was a snake, moving quickly.

Allah said: "Grasp it, and fear not, We shall return it to its former state'' "And press your (right) hand to your (left) side, it will come forth white (and shining), without any disease as another sign'' (20:19 to 22)

 The same is repeated in 31 and 32 verses of 28 th Sura Al-Qases and "Put your hand in your bosom, it will come forth white without a disease, and draw your hand close to your side to be free from fear (that which you suffered from the snake, and also by that your hand will return to its original state). these are two Burhan (signs, miracles, evidences, proofs) from your Lord to Fir'aun and his chiefs. (28:32).

The third sign:

 "And indeed We punished the people of Fir'aun with years of drought and shortness of fruits (crops, etc.), that they might remember (take heed)." (7:130). Some Scholars say that these are two separate signs.

The next five signs are:

They said to Musa (AS): "Whatever Ayat you may bring to us, to work there- with your sorcery on us, we shall never believe in you." (7:132). So We sent on them: the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, and the blood (as a succession of) manifest signs but they persisted in arrogance and were a wicked people." (7:133). When tormented, they pleaded, “O Moses! Pray to your Lord on our behalf, by virtue of the covenant He made with you. If you help remove this torment from us, we will certainly believe in you and let the Children of Israel go with you.” (7:134).

But as soon as We removed the torment from them—until they met their inevitable fate, they broke their promise. So We inflicted punishment upon them, drowning them in the sea for denying Our signs and being heedless of them. In this way the noble Word of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel for what they had endured. And We destroyed what Pharaoh and his people constructed and what they established. (7:135 to 137)

Splitting of Red Sea:

 Ibn Abbas listed the partition of Red Sea as a sign. Allah himself mentioned it as as a sign. “So We inspired Moses: ‘Strike the sea with your staff’, and the sea was split, each part was like a huge mountain. We drew the pursuers to that place, and delivered Moses and those with him all together. Then We drowned the others. Surely in this is a sign. Yet most of them would not believe. (26: 62 to 67). The other verses are: "strike a dry path for them in the sea” (20:77). "We separated the sea for you and saved you and drowned Fir'aun's  people"(2:50).

Several things are also suggested as signs:

Muhammad bin Kab listed destruction of Qaroon’s wealth as a sign. After seeing the serpent from Musa’s staff, the magicians realized the truth from Allah, so said to Firaun, “By the One Who created us! We will never prefer you over the clear proofs (sign) that have come to us. So do whatever you want! Your authority only covers the fleeting life of this world. Indeed, we have believed in our Lord so He may forgive our sins and that magic you have forced us to practice. And Allah is far superior in reward and more lasting in punishment.” (20:73 and 74).  Some suggesting that the strong faith of the magicians as one of the sign.  From the following ayath “We will assist you with your brother and, so they cannot harm you. With Our signs, you and those who follow you will certainly prevail.” (28:35), it was suggested that Allah gave equal power to his brother Harun also. The tyrant Firaun cannot kill them both because of Allah’s protection.  Some say that this is one of Allah’s signs.

Musa (AS) was the only Prophet who brought so many signs from Allah. Even for the Children of Israel Allah showed so many signs while/after leaving Egypt. After Pharaoh was dead, his effect still remained

in the blood of the Children of Israel. Their attitude was not good. They were reluctant to fight to enter into Holy Land.  They took long period of time to recover. Musa (AS) prayed to Allah to judge between himself and his people. Allah made forbidden the Holy Land to them for forty years. That generation died and the next generation came who could fight and got victory. Allah showed many signs to them. They are the following:

 1. Musa’s Lord talked to him directly in this world. (4:164).

2. Musa’s Lord appeared on the mountain. (7:143).

3. Raised the mount Sinai (2:63, 93; 4:154; 7:171).

4. Twelve streams of water spring from rock. (7:160).

5. Clouds of shade (7:160).

6. Manna & Salwa (7:160).

7. Raising the dead with part of a slaughtered cow. (2:73)

8. Raising up the Children of Israel after death. (2:55 & 56).

9. Receiving the written tablets of Taura directly from Allah (7:144)

 1. Musa’s Lord spoke directly to Musa (AS) in this world:

" And when Musa (AS) came the time and place appointed by Us, and his Lord spoke to him directly.'' (4:164). Of course Allah talked to Adam (AS) and the Prophet Mohammed (ﷺ) in the heaven. Allah said: "O Moses, I have chosen you above men by My Messages, and by My speaking to you. So hold that which I have given you and be of the grateful." (7:144).

2. Musa’s Lord appeared on the mountain:

Musa (AS) said: "O my Lord! Show me (yourself), that I may look upon You." Allah said: "You cannot see Me, but look upon the mountain if it stands still in its place then you shall see Me." So when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He made it collapse to dust, and Musa(AS) fell down unconscious. Then when he recovered his senses he said: "Glory be to You, I turn to You in repentance and I am the first of the believers." (7:143).

3. Raised the mount Sinai:

 And when We took your covenant and raised the mountain above you saying, “Hold firmly to that Scripture which We have given you and obey,” (2:63 and 93). And remember when We raised the mountain over them as if it were a cloud and they thought it would fall on them. (7:171). We raised the Mount over them as a warning for breaking their covenant (4:154). 

4,5,6. Twelve streams of water from rock, clouds of shade, Manna & Salwa:

" We divided them into twelve tribes (as distinct) nations. We directed Musa (AS) by inspiration, when his people asked him for water, (saying): "Strike the stone with your stick", and there gushed forth out of it twelve springs: each group knew its own place for water. We shaded them with the clouds and sent down upon them Al-Manna and the quails ...." (7:160).

7. Raising the dead with part of a slaughtered cow:

We said: "Strike him (the dead man) with a piece of it (the slaughtered cow)." Thus Allah brings the dead to life and shows you His Ayat so that you may understand. (2:73).

8. Raising up the Children of Israel after death:

 And (remember) when the Children of Israel said: "O Musa (AS)! We shall never believe in you till we see Allah plainly." But you were seized with a lightning, while you were looking: Then We raised you up after your death so that you might be grateful.” (2:55 & 56).

9. Receiving written tablets of Taura:

“And We wrote for him on the Tablets, the lesson to be drawn from all things and the explanation of all things (and said): "hold unto these with firmness, and enjoin your people to take the better therein,” (7:145).

Allah knows best!