9. Hajj Q and A:

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاتة 

 بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِٱلرَّحِيمِ

9. On the great day of the Hajj, what announcement was made by Allah Subhanahuthala

a. In Quran and

b. through His Messenger on the Farewell Hajj?

a. In Quran:

Allah revealed two ayaath one in the ninth year of Hijrah and another in the fairwell Hajj. The first ayath is: "And a declaration from Allah and His Messenger to mankind on the greatest day (the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah – the 12th month of Islamic calendar) that Allah is free from (all) obligations to the Mushrikun and so is His Messenger. So if you (Mushrikun) repent, it is better for you, but if you turn away, then know that you cannot escape (from the Punishment of) Allah. And give tidings (O Muhammad ﷺ) of a painful torment to those who disbelieve. [9:3]

Abu Ma`shar Al-Madani said that Muhammad bin Ka`b Al Qurazi and several others said, "The Messenger of Allah sent Abu Bakr (RA) to lead the Hajj rituals on the ninth year (of Hijrah). He also sent Ali bin Abi Talib (RA) with thirty or forty ayaath from Bara'ah (At-Tawbah), (revealed at Madhina) and Ali (RA) recited them to the people of Makka, giving the idolators four months during which they freely move about in the land. The idolators were given twenty more days (till the end) of Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram, Safar, Rabi Al-Awwal and ten days from Rabi Ath-Thani. Abu Bakr (RA) proclaimed to them in their camping areas, `No Mushrik will be allowed to perform Hajj after this year, nor a naked person to perform Tawaf around the House.'''

The second ayath is:

"This day those who disbelieve have despaired of [defeating] your religion; so fear them not, but fear Me. This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islām as religion. But whoever is forced by severe hunger with no inclination to sin - then indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful." [5:3].

Imam Ahmad recorded that Tariq bin Shihab said, "A Jewish man said to `Umar bin Al-Khattab, `O Leader of the Believers! There is a verse in your Book, which is read by all of you (Muslims), and had it been revealed to us, we would have taken that day (on which it was revealed) as a day of celebration.' `Umar bin Al-Khattab asked, `Which is that verse' The Jew replied, ‘This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favor upon you..’ `Umar replied, `By Allah! I know when and where this verse was revealed to Allah's Messenger ﷺ.

b. Through His Messanger during Farwell pilgrimage:

This sermon was delivered on the Ninth day of Dhul-Hijjah, 10 A.H. (623AD) in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat in Mecca. After praising and thanking Allah the Prophet ﷺ began with the words:

"O People! Lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore, listen carefully to what I am saying and take these words to those who could not be present here today."

Everyone will meet their Lord to reckon the deeds so do good:

"O People! just as you regard this month, this day, this city as sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that He will indeed reckon your deeds."

Keep away from Usury:

"Allah has forbidden you to take usury, therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be released. Your capital is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequality. Allah has judged that there shall be no interest and that all interest due to Abbas Ibn 'Aal-Muttalib be released."

Blood money:

"Every right arising out of homicide in pre-Islamic days is henceforth released and the first such right that I released is that arising from the murder of Rabiah ibn al-Harithah ibn Abdul Mutthalib."

Follow Islamic Calender:

"O men! the unbelievers indulge in tampering with the calendar in order to make permissible that which Allah forbade, and to prohibit what Allah has made permissible. With Allah the months are twelve in number. Four of them are holy, there are sucessive and one occurs singly between the months of Jumada and Shaban."

Warning about Shaithan:

Beware of Shaithan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will be able to lead you astray in big things so beware of following him in small things."

Respect the rights of women:

Look after the women well and respect their rights: "O People it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah's trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right, then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well never to be unchaste."

Follow five Pillars of Islam:

"O People! listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers, fast during month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Haj if you can afford it."

Avoid racism - all human beings are equal:

"All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a White has no superiority over a Black nor a Black has any superiority over a White except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly."

Reminding again about meeting Allah and reckoning of their deeds:

"Do not therefore do injustice to yourselves. Remember one day you will meet Allah and answer your deeds. So beware, do not astray from the path of righteousness after I am gone."

This is the last Message from Allah, so follow Quran and Sunnah:

"O People! No Prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore O People! and understand words that I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and the Sunnah and if you follow these you will never go astray."

Requested to pass the message to others:

"All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly."

The sermon was repeated sentence by sentence by Safwan's brother Rabiah (RA), who had powerful voice, at the request of the Prophet and he faithfully, proclaimed to over ten thousand gathered on that occasion.

Witness for conveying of Allah's message to the people:

Towards the end of his sermon, the Prophet asked "O people, have I faithfully delivered unto you my message?" A powerful murmur of assents "O Allah! yes! "arose from thousands of pilgrims and the vibrant words "Allahumma Na'm," rolled like thunder throughout the valley.

He called Allah to be his witness as he conveyed Allah's message:

"O Allah, be my witness, that I have conveyed your message to Your people." The Prophet raised his forefinger and said: "O Allah bear witness that I have conveyed your message to your people."

At this moment Allah reveled several ayaath, which were included in Surae- al- Maidha.

الحمدلله